Search results for "Organic polymers"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

2021

The study of the electrochemical catalyst conversion of renewable electricity and carbon oxides into chemical fuels attracts a great deal of attention by different researchers. The main role of this process is in mitigating the worldwide energy crisis through a closed technological carbon cycle, where chemical fuels, such as hydrogen, are stored and reconverted to electricity via electrochemical reaction processes in fuel cells. The scientific community focuses its efforts on the development of high-performance polymeric membranes together with nanomaterials with high catalytic activity and stability in order to reduce the platinum group metal applied as a cathode to build stacks of proton …

organic polymersMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsHydrogenMembrane electrode assemblymembrane–electrode assemblyNanoparticleProton exchange membrane fuel cellchemistry.chemical_elementOrganic chemistryNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryReviewElectrochemistryNanomaterialsCatalysisElectroquímicafuel cellMembraneQD241-441chemistryproton conductivityMaterialsproton exchange membranePolymers
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Synthesis of oligomers and polymers doped with porphyrins for solar energy conversion

2017

The aim of this thesis was to elaborate new electron donor materials for organic solarcells. This emerging photovoltaic technology is rapidly expanding, and has yet already reached the limit for its large-scale commercialization. The low manufacturing cost of organic photovoltaic devices make then competitive face to well-established inorganic technologies. Their biggest advantage is their weight and their mechanical properties which make them flexible. They should play a key role in future as a complement to classic solar cells, with their use in specific applications. We developed polymers by using different chomophores, well-known for their interesting photophysical properties: the porph…

[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryPolymères organiques[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryPhotophysics[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryOrganic solar cellsCellules à hétérojonctionBulk heterojunctionOrganic polymersCellules Solaires OrganiquesPhotophysique[CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryFluorescence
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Theoretical study of the effect of substituent and backbone conformation on the electronic properties of symmetrically substituted poly(di‐n‐alkylsil…

1994

We present the results of ab initio 3‐21G∗ geometry optimizations and valence effective Hamiltonian (VEH) band structure calculations aimed at determining the evolution of the geometric and electronic (ionization potential, electron affinities, and band gaps) properties of all‐trans poly(dimethylsilane), poly(diethylsilane), poly(di‐n‐propylsilane), and poly(di‐n‐butylsilane) when increasing the size of the alkyl group. In the latter polymer, we have also studied the 7/3 conformation, in order to analyze the effect of the backbone conformation on the geometric and electronic structure. The VEH ionization potentials of all‐trans poly(di‐n‐alkylsilanes) are almost equal, and as experimental p…

OptimizationEnergy GapPropyl CompoundsBand gapAb initioSubstituentGeometryGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structurechemistry.chemical_compoundAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryMethyl CompoundsConformational ChangesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBand Structure:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Electronic band structureAlkyl Compounds ; Silanes ; Organic Polymers ; Conformational Changes ; Ab Initio Calculations ; Geometry ; Optimization ; Band Structure ; Affinity ; Ionization Potential ; Energy Gap ; Methyl Compounds ; Ethyl Compounds ; Propyl CompoundsDimethylsilaneOrganic PolymersSilanesUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaCrystallographyAlkyl CompoundsIonization PotentialAffinitychemistryEthyl CompoundsIonization energyAb Initio Calculations
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Cooperativity Scaling and Free Volume in Plasticized Polylactide

2019

The authors would like to thank the region Haute Normandie for their financial support and the acquisition of the Broadband Dielectric Spectrometer. R.G. acknowledges U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant no. DMR-1725188) for the acquisition of PAL spectrometer. The experimental evidence of the increase of activation energy associated with the super Arrhenius behavior governing amorphous polylactide by free volume variations has been obtained through a combination of calorimetric, dielectric, and positron annihilation lifetime measurements. The amount of free volume in polylactide was controlled by the amount of acetyltributylcitrate plasticizer in the composition. Plasticization is shown…

Materials scienceMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Polymers and Plasticsgenetic structuresThermodynamicsCooperativity02 engineering and technologyActivation energyDielectric010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsInorganic ChemistryFragilityBiopolymersmiscible polymer blendsMaterials ChemistryActivation energycharacteristic length[PHYS]Physics [physics]Drop (liquid)Organic polymersOrganic Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAmorphous solidfragilty[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/PolymersVolume (thermodynamics)positron-annihilationtemperature-dependence[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]0210 nano-technologyGlass transitionPlastics[PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]dynamic heterogeneity
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A two-dimensional magnetic architecture with bridging polynitrile and 2,2′-bipyrimidine ligands

2004

cited By 7; International audience; A new polymeric, two-dimensional compound [Co2(bpym)(dcne) 4 (H2O)2] (1) (dcne = [(CN)2CC(O) OEt)]- = 2,2-dicyano-1-ethoxyethenolate anion and bpym = 2,2'-bipyrimidine) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The structure is monoclinic space group P21/a and consists of two-dimensional networks of octahedrally coordinated Co(II) ions, bridged by bis-bidentate 2,2'-bipyrimidine and μ2-dcne anions. Magnetic measurements revealed a broad maximum in the xm vs T plot at 20 K which is characteristic of antiferromagnetic exchange between the high spin cobalt(II) centres. © EDP Sciences.

StereochemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNegative ionsCobalt complexesIonAntiferromagnetismTransition metal[CHIM]Chemical SciencesAntiferromagnetism2.2'-bipyrimidine010405 organic chemistryOrganic polymersSpace groupX ray crystallographyMagnetic measurementsMagnetic susceptibility3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistrySynthesis (chemical)CobaltMonoclinic crystal systemJournal de Physique IV (Proceedings)
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Theoretical determination of the geometric and electronic structures of oligorylenes and poli(peri‐naphthalene)

1992

We present a theoretical investigation of the electronic structure of oligorylenes (from perylene to heptarylene, including also the naphthalene molecule) and their corresponding polymer poly(peri‐naphthalene) (PPN) using the nonempirical valence effective (VEH) method. The geometry of the unit cell used to generate the polymer is extrapolated from the PM3‐optimized molecular geometries of the longest oligorylenes. That geometry shows some bond alternation along the perimeter carbon chains and a bond length of ≊1.46 Å is calculated for the peri bonds connecting the naphthalene units. The VEH one‐electron energy level distributions calculated for oligorylenes are used to interpret the experi…

OptimizationChemical BondsBand gapStereochemistryExtrapolationElectric ConductorsGeometryGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureMolecular physicsEnergy LevelsMolecular orbitalPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBand Structure:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Electronic band structurePeryleneFilmsValence (chemistry)Organic PolymersChemistryElectronic Structure ; Perylene ; Naphthalene ; Organic Polymers ; Unit Cell ; Geometry ; Extrapolation ; Optimization ; Chemical Bonds ; Carbon ; Chains ; Energy Levels ; Ionization Potential ; Affinity ; Band Structure ; Electric Conductors ; Films ; PyrolysisUnit CellChainsCarbonUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaBond lengthIonization PotentialMolecular geometryElectronic StructureAffinityIonization energyNaphthalenePyrolysis
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